Each district has its own vision regarding the
infrastructure development. As considered most important part in the
infrastructure development, road accounts for most of our development budget.
Though rarely used, GIS can be very effective tool to determine road access as
well as develop road development plans.
Let us consider an example where one district has its policy
to make motorable road accessible to all within 15 minutes( 1KM Average) of walk
from any part of the district. In the following example I have plotted access
map for Strategic Road Network(SRN) and Rural Road network (Black topped only)
to determine the access map under District Transportation Master Plan (DTMP).
SRN is the road network built by the Department of Roads where as DDC builds
the Rural Road Network.
Creating Buffer Area
1.
Import the Road layer in ArcGIS
2. Open ArcToolBox -> Analysis Tools ->
Proximity -> Buffer
3. Now open the buffer to see the windows as shown
below and set parameters as follows
4. After you create the buffer zone the map should
look like this
This map shows the area of
Kathmandu district where people have access to motorable road within a walking
distance of 1 Km. Analyzing it there seems to be some areas where there is no access to the motorable road within a walk of 15 min .
5. Now let us create the buffer area
for black top roads built by DDC under Rural Roads.
6.
After we create the access map for both type
of roads (SRN and Rural road Black Topped) lets fuse two layers to see if the
access is improved .
Even after we fuse two access layer
it seems that development of roads have been prominent in those areas where
there already was access to the motorable road. Let us now see the complete rural
road network to see if there is possibility of road extension.
In the following map I have
imported layer of rural road network and symbolized roads accordingly as black
topped, earthen and gravel road.
From this map we cans see that there are earthen and gravel
roads in the pockets where there was no access to the black topped road hence
the DDC can plan to black top the road according to the priority based in the
road access.
But another thing that must be kept in mind is that if the
newly developed roads will degrade the environment hence it's better to overlay
the road network on top of the landuse map to find the forest areas where road
extension should be discouraged unless the necessity is acute.
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